{"_meta":{"country":"Philippines","urlToken":"ph","currency":"PHP","distanceUnit":"km","annualKm":12000,"asOf":"2026-07-02","note":"Kernel-ready Philippines data (metric: km-as-miles + mpg=100/(L/100km) -> PHP). Electricity = Meralco residential ₱14.48/kWh (June 2026, overall 14.4833), the largest distribution utility (Metro Manila + surrounds) and the realistic home-charging anchor; HIGH by ASEAN standards (~USD 0.25/kWh) and the honest reason EVs struggle in PH. Meralco is volatile month-to-month in 2026 (Feb ₱13.17, Mar ₱13.82, Apr ₱14.35, May ₱14.33, Jun ₱14.48) — June is the current figure. Single petrol fuel = ₱73/L unleaded RON95 (DOE PH NCR pump-price monitor, wk 23–29 Jun 2026); the kernel treats litre as the 'gallon' slot per the AU convention (gasPricePerGallon == fuelPerLitre). NOTE: PH pickups (Ranger/Navara) are diesel (~₱71/L), but the kernel carries one petrol price, so their fuel cost is OVERSTATED ~8-10% — a conservative, documented simplification (same single-fuel simplification AU uses). baseRegFee ₱2400 = neutral LTO MV registration for a private light vehicle (~₱2,000-2,600/yr MVUC+plates); EVs get NO LTO registration discount. evRoadUseFee 0 (no EV road-user charge). All EV incentives are price-EMBEDDED tax/tariff relief (EVIDA 0% import tariff to 2028, 0% BEV excise) or non-cash perks (number-coding/UVVRP exemption, priority registration) — modeled as amountLocal:0 context, NOT cash the buyer claims. No national cash purchase rebate (unlike Thailand EV3.5). BEV residuals reuse the AU BEV curve (steeper than ICE) — the honest assumption for unproven Chinese-brand PH resale; ICE/HEV curves reflect strong Toyota/Mitsubishi resale. Maintenance/insurance = kernel powertrain defaults scaled to PHP (no PH-local figure sourced) — flagged proxy; they make BEV maintenance CHEAPER yet the honest verdict still favours HEV/ICE, so they do not prop up the EV. Demand-report additions (accessed 2026-06-30): Geely Coolray 1.5T Premium Plus ICE ₱1,049,000 (Zigwheels/Carmudi/AutoDeal PH pricelist; 16 km/L combined -> 6.25 L/100km); Nissan Leaf 40 kWh BEV ₱1,998,000 (Nissan PH / Carmudi / Expressway.PH; 311 km range, ~16.67 kWh/100km from 40 kWh pack); Wuling Macaron 120 km BEV ₱663,000 (Wuling PH / Zigwheels; 9.2 kWh pack, 120 km NEDC, ~8.1 kWh/100km manufacturer NEDC); Hyundai Ioniq 5 GL Standard Range BEV ₱2,840,000 (Zigwheels/Carmudi/AutoDeal PH; 58 kWh, 384 km, ~18.2 kWh/100km). Demand-report Toyota Hilux still DROPPED (SRP unpinned). Fleet pinned/dropped per source mandate: Toyota Hilux (SRP unpinned) DROPPED; Geely EX5 BEV (SRP+efficiency unpinned) DROPPED — sourced EM-i PHEV row (₱1.288M) kept instead; BYD Seal RWD Advanced (~₱2.05-2.10M a guess) DROPPED — sourced Seal Performance (₱2.648M) kept. Sources: Meralco June 2026 advisory / GMA News (electricity); GlobalPetrolPrices / GasWatch PH / DOE (fuel); ASEAN Briefing / DOE EVIDA-CREVI (incentives); bydcarsphilippines.com pricelist (valid 27-May-2026), Expressway.PH, AutoDeal, TopGear PH (BYD/Geely SRP+specs); Zigwheels, Mitsubishi PH, Ford PH, Nissan PH, Carmudi, philkotse (gas MSRP+FC). All accessed 2026-06-30. Honest verdict: HEV (e.g. Corolla Cross) usually wins the 5-yr math — high Meralco rates + steep EV resale uncertainty cancel most of the electric fuel saving; only high-mileage Metro Manila drivers with home charging come out ahead on a BEV.","fleetExpansion2026_07":"+4 models added 2026-07-02: per-country Opus research, independently re-verified (price + efficiency re-fetched from official sources) before inclusion; calcOnly entries are calculator-selectable without dedicated pages.","luxuryExpansion2026_07":"+11 luxury models 2026-07-02 (per-country Opus research, independently re-verified; exotics excluded by policy)."},"rate":{"name":"Philippines","electricityRatePerKWh":14.48,"gasPricePerGallon":73,"fuelPerLitre":73,"baseRegFee":2400,"evRoadUseFee":0,"dieselPerLitre":69.1,"dieselSource":"Automotive diesel pump price 69.1 PHP/L — GlobalPetrolPrices 29-Jun-2026 (DOE-derived)"},"assumptions":{"chargingLossPct":{"value":0.12},"residualRetention":{"BEV":[1,0.7619,0.6481,0.5549,0.4721,0.41,0.3686,0.3272,0.2961,0.2754,0.2547],"ICE":[1,0.7995,0.7169,0.6462,0.5872,0.54,0.4928,0.4456,0.4103,0.3749,0.3395],"HEV":[1,0.808,0.724,0.652,0.616,0.58,0.532,0.484,0.448,0.412,0.376],"PHEV":[1,0.7674,0.6628,0.593,0.5465,0.5,0.4535,0.407,0.3721,0.3372,0.3023]},"maintenancePerMile":{"BEV":0.9,"ICE":1.5,"HEV":1.25,"PHEV":1.35},"insuranceAnnual":{"BEV":38000,"ICE":28000,"PHEV":34000,"HEV":30000},"regFeesAnnualBase":{"value":2400},"publicVsHomeRateMultiple":{"value":2.5}},"incentives":[{"name":"EVIDA 0% import tariff on CBU EVs + parts (to 2028) — price-embedded","amountLocal":0,"status":"active","note":"Executive Order zero-tariff on completely-built-up EVs and parts, first issued May 2024 and extended/reaffirmed to 2028, replacing the prior 3-40% MFN duty. This is the single biggest reason BYD/Geely EV SRPs are competitive — but it is ALREADY BAKED INTO the SRPs used here, NOT a separate cash rebate the buyer claims. Modeled as ₱0 (price-embedded). Source: ASEAN Briefing; DOE EVIDA/CREVI. Accessed 2026-06-30."},{"name":"0% excise tax on pure BEVs — price-embedded","amountLocal":0,"status":"active","note":"Pure BEVs pay 0% excise; HEV/PHEV pay reduced excise vs ICE. Also already embedded in the SRP, not a claimable cash amount. Modeled as ₱0 (context only). Source: RA 11697 (EVIDA). Accessed 2026-06-30."},{"name":"EVIDA non-fiscal perks (number-coding exemption + priority registration)","amountLocal":0,"status":"active","note":"RA 11697 / CREVI grants BEV/PHEV and HEV exemption from the Unified Vehicle Volume Reduction (number-coding/UVVRP) scheme plus priority/expeditious LTO registration. Real convenience value in Metro Manila, but NOT a cash saving — modeled as ₱0. Source: DOE EVIDA/CREVI. Accessed 2026-06-30."},{"name":"National EV purchase cash subsidy","amountLocal":0,"status":"none","note":"The Philippines has NO national retail cash purchase rebate for EVs (unlike Thailand's EV3.5). EV support is tax/tariff relief embedded in price + convenience perks, not a cheque. Context only; never in totals."}],"regionRows":[{"region":"Metro Manila (Meralco)","electricityPerKWh":14.48,"note":"Meralco residential overall ₱14.4833/kWh, June 2026. Largest distribution utility (Metro Manila + surrounds); the realistic home-charging anchor. Visayas (VECO) runs higher, Mindanao (Davao Light) lower, but Meralco is the safe single anchor."}],"vehicles":[{"id":"byd-seagull-dynamic","slug":"byd-seagull-dynamic","name":"BYD Seagull (Dynamic)","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":968000,"segment":"City hatch","range":305,"kwhPer100mi":9.1,"kwhPer100km":9.1,"effDisplay":"9.1 kWh/100km"},{"id":"byd-dolphin","slug":"byd-dolphin","name":"BYD Dolphin","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":1438000,"segment":"Hatch","range":410,"kwhPer100mi":13,"kwhPer100km":13,"effDisplay":"13 kWh/100km"},{"id":"byd-atto-3-dynamic","slug":"byd-atto-3-dynamic","name":"BYD Atto 3 (Dynamic)","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":1638000,"segment":"Small SUV","range":410,"kwhPer100mi":15.5,"kwhPer100km":15.5,"effDisplay":"15.5 kWh/100km"},{"id":"byd-emax-7","slug":"byd-emax-7","name":"BYD eMAX 7","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":1548000,"segment":"MPV (7-seat)","range":420,"kwhPer100mi":16.5,"kwhPer100km":16.5,"effDisplay":"16.5 kWh/100km"},{"id":"byd-seal-performance","slug":"byd-seal-performance","name":"BYD Seal (Performance AWD)","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":2648000,"segment":"Sedan","range":510,"kwhPer100mi":14,"kwhPer100km":14,"effDisplay":"14 kWh/100km"},{"id":"byd-sealion-7-awd","slug":"byd-sealion-7-awd","name":"BYD Sealion 7 (AWD)","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":2588000,"segment":"Midsize SUV","range":542,"kwhPer100mi":18,"kwhPer100km":18,"effDisplay":"18 kWh/100km"},{"id":"byd-sealion-6-dmi","slug":"byd-sealion-6-dmi","name":"BYD Sealion 6 DM-i","year":2026,"powertrain":"PHEV","msrp":1598000,"segment":"Midsize SUV","range":80,"mpg":18.182,"effDisplay":"5.5 L/100km (blended)","lPer100km":5.5,"electricRangeKm":80,"electricKwhPer100mi":21,"electricKwhPer100km":21},{"id":"byd-seal-5-dmi","slug":"byd-seal-5-dmi","name":"BYD Seal 5 DM-i","year":2026,"powertrain":"PHEV","msrp":958000,"segment":"Sedan","range":80,"mpg":20,"effDisplay":"5 L/100km (blended)","lPer100km":5,"electricRangeKm":80,"electricKwhPer100mi":15,"electricKwhPer100km":15},{"id":"geely-ex5-emi","slug":"geely-ex5-emi","name":"Geely EX5 EM-i (PHEV)","year":2026,"powertrain":"PHEV","msrp":1288000,"segment":"Midsize SUV","range":80,"mpg":18.182,"effDisplay":"5.5 L/100km (blended)","lPer100km":5.5,"electricRangeKm":94,"electricKwhPer100mi":18,"electricKwhPer100km":18},{"id":"nissan-leaf","slug":"nissan-leaf","name":"Nissan Leaf 40 kWh","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":1998000,"segment":"Hatch","range":311,"kwhPer100mi":16.67,"kwhPer100km":16.67,"effDisplay":"16.7 kWh/100km"},{"id":"wuling-macaron","slug":"wuling-macaron","name":"Wuling Macaron 120 km","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":663000,"segment":"Micro city EV","range":120,"kwhPer100mi":8.1,"kwhPer100km":8.1,"effDisplay":"8.1 kWh/100km"},{"id":"hyundai-ioniq-5-sr","slug":"hyundai-ioniq-5-sr","name":"Hyundai Ioniq 5 GL Standard Range","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":2840000,"segment":"Midsize SUV","range":384,"kwhPer100mi":18.2,"kwhPer100km":18.2,"effDisplay":"18.2 kWh/100km"},{"id":"geely-coolray-premium-plus","slug":"geely-coolray-premium-plus","name":"Geely Coolray 1.5T Premium Plus","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1049000,"segment":"Small SUV","range":null,"mpg":16,"lPer100km":6.25,"effDisplay":"6.25 L/100km"},{"id":"toyota-corolla-cross-hev","slug":"toyota-corolla-cross-hev","name":"Toyota Corolla Cross 1.8 HEV (V)","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":1650000,"segment":"Compact SUV","range":null,"mpg":22.222,"lPer100km":4.5,"effDisplay":"4.5 L/100km"},{"id":"toyota-zenix-hev","slug":"toyota-zenix-hev","name":"Toyota Zenix 2.0 Q HEV","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":1991000,"segment":"MPV (7-seat)","range":null,"mpg":16.129,"lPer100km":6.2,"effDisplay":"6.2 L/100km"},{"id":"toyota-vios-xle","slug":"toyota-vios-xle","name":"Toyota Vios 1.3 XLE","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":908000,"segment":"Subcompact sedan","range":null,"mpg":15.873,"lPer100km":6.3,"effDisplay":"6.3 L/100km"},{"id":"toyota-wigo-grs","slug":"toyota-wigo-grs","name":"Toyota Wigo 1.0 GR-S","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":735000,"segment":"City hatch","range":null,"mpg":17.857,"lPer100km":5.6,"effDisplay":"5.6 L/100km"},{"id":"mitsubishi-xpander-gls","slug":"mitsubishi-xpander-gls","name":"Mitsubishi Xpander 1.5 GLS AT","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1259000,"segment":"MPV (7-seat)","range":null,"mpg":14.085,"lPer100km":7.1,"effDisplay":"7.1 L/100km"},{"id":"nissan-almera-turbo-vl","slug":"nissan-almera-turbo-vl","name":"Nissan Almera 1.0 Turbo VL","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1209000,"segment":"Subcompact sedan","range":null,"mpg":18.519,"lPer100km":5.4,"effDisplay":"5.4 L/100km"},{"id":"ford-ranger-xls","slug":"ford-ranger-xls","name":"Ford Ranger 2.0 XLS 4x2 (diesel)","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1379000,"segment":"Pickup","range":null,"mpg":13.158,"lPer100km":7.6,"effDisplay":"7.6 L/100km","fuelType":"Diesel"},{"id":"nissan-navara","slug":"nissan-navara","name":"Nissan Navara (diesel)","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1240000,"segment":"Pickup","range":null,"mpg":12.048,"lPer100km":8.3,"effDisplay":"8.3 L/100km","fuelType":"Diesel"},{"id":"toyota-hilux","slug":"toyota-hilux","name":"Toyota Hilux 2.4 G DSL 4x2 A/T","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1740000,"segment":"Pickup","mpg":14.793,"lPer100km":6.76,"effDisplay":"6.76 L/100km","fuelType":"Diesel"},{"id":"toyota-fortuner","slug":"toyota-fortuner","name":"Toyota Fortuner 2.4 G Diesel 4x2 AT","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1867000,"segment":"Midsize SUV","mpg":14.205,"lPer100km":7.04,"effDisplay":"7.04 L/100km","fuelType":"Diesel"},{"id":"toyota-innova","slug":"toyota-innova","name":"Toyota Innova 2.8 E Diesel AT","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1535000,"segment":"MPV (7-seat)","mpg":21.598,"lPer100km":4.63,"effDisplay":"4.63 L/100km","fuelType":"Diesel"},{"id":"ford-territory-hybrid","slug":"ford-territory-hybrid","name":"Ford Territory Hybrid Titanium X","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":1599000,"segment":"Compact SUV","mpg":19.608,"lPer100km":5.1,"effDisplay":"5.1 L/100km"},{"id":"lexus-nx-350h","slug":"lexus-nx-350h","name":"Lexus NX 350h Executive","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":3158000,"segment":"Compact SUV","mpg":17.544,"lPer100km":5.7,"effDisplay":"5.7 L/100km"},{"id":"lexus-rx-350h","slug":"lexus-rx-350h","name":"Lexus RX 350h Executive","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":4778000,"segment":"Midsize SUV","mpg":15.873,"lPer100km":6.3,"effDisplay":"6.3 L/100km"},{"id":"lexus-ux-300h","slug":"lexus-ux-300h","name":"Lexus UX 300h","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":2938000,"segment":"Small SUV","mpg":17.857,"lPer100km":5.6,"effDisplay":"5.6 L/100km"},{"id":"lexus-lbx","slug":"lexus-lbx","name":"Lexus LBX","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":2558000,"segment":"Small SUV","mpg":26.316,"lPer100km":3.8,"effDisplay":"3.8 L/100km"},{"id":"bmw-x1-xdrive25e","slug":"bmw-x1-xdrive25e","name":"BMW X1 xDrive25e M Sport","year":2026,"powertrain":"PHEV","msrp":3998000,"segment":"Small SUV","range":80,"mpg":20,"effDisplay":"5 L/100km (blended)","lPer100km":5,"electricRangeKm":82.5,"electricKwhPer100mi":16.4,"electricKwhPer100km":16.4},{"id":"bmw-x3-xdrive20d","slug":"bmw-x3-xdrive20d","name":"BMW X3 xDrive20d Business","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":4190000,"segment":"Midsize SUV","mpg":16.129,"lPer100km":6.2,"effDisplay":"6.2 L/100km","fuelType":"Diesel"},{"id":"volvo-xc60-t8","slug":"volvo-xc60-t8","name":"Volvo XC60 T8 Ultra","year":2026,"powertrain":"PHEV","msrp":4550000,"segment":"Midsize SUV","range":80,"mpg":18.182,"effDisplay":"5.5 L/100km (blended)","lPer100km":5.5,"electricRangeKm":78,"electricKwhPer100mi":19.4,"electricKwhPer100km":19.4},{"id":"mercedes-glc-350e","slug":"mercedes-glc-350e","name":"Mercedes-Benz GLC 350e","year":2026,"powertrain":"PHEV","msrp":4890000,"segment":"Midsize SUV","range":87,"mpg":20,"effDisplay":"5 L/100km (blended)","calcOnly":true,"lPer100km":5,"electricRangeKm":100,"electricKwhPer100mi":20.4,"electricKwhPer100km":20.4},{"id":"mercedes-gla-200","slug":"mercedes-gla-200","name":"Mercedes-Benz GLA 200","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":3800000,"segment":"Small SUV","mpg":15.152,"lPer100km":6.6,"effDisplay":"6.6 L/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"mercedes-glb-200","slug":"mercedes-glb-200","name":"Mercedes-Benz GLB 200","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":4590000,"segment":"Compact SUV","mpg":14.493,"lPer100km":6.9,"effDisplay":"6.9 L/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"lexus-es-300h","slug":"lexus-es-300h","name":"Lexus ES 300h Executive","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":3498000,"segment":"Sedan","mpg":18.868,"lPer100km":5.3,"effDisplay":"5.3 L/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"toyota-avanza-1-3-e-cvt","slug":"toyota-avanza-1-3-e-cvt","name":"Toyota Avanza 1.3 E CVT","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1016000,"segment":"Compact MPV (7-seat)","_source":"fleet-wave2 verified: Toyota Valenzuela (official Toyota PH dealer) product page, corroborated by Zigwheels PH and Carmudi PH (both list P1,016,000, Jul 2026) (asOf 2026-07-07, conf high)","mpg":18.868,"lPer100km":5.3,"effDisplay":"5.3 L/100km"},{"id":"toyota-hiace-commuter-deluxe-2-8-mt","slug":"toyota-hiace-commuter-deluxe-2-8-mt","name":"Toyota Hiace Commuter Deluxe 2.8 MT","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1877000,"segment":"Van / 15-seat minibus","_source":"fleet-wave2 verified: Toyota Valenzuela (official Toyota PH dealer) product page P1,877,000, corroborated by Zigwheels PH (Jul 2026) (asOf 2026-07-07, conf med)","mpg":13.514,"lPer100km":7.4,"effDisplay":"7.4 L/100km","fuelType":"Diesel"},{"id":"toyota-raize-1-2-e-cvt","slug":"toyota-raize-1-2-e-cvt","name":"Toyota Raize 1.2 E CVT","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":847000,"segment":"Subcompact crossover (B-SUV)","_source":"fleet-wave2 verified: Toyota Valenzuela (official Toyota PH dealer) product page, corroborated by Zigwheels PH and Carmudi PH (both P847,000, Jul 2026) (asOf 2026-07-07, conf high)","mpg":19.231,"lPer100km":5.2,"effDisplay":"5.2 L/100km"},{"id":"mitsubishi-mirage-g4-glx-1-2-cvt","slug":"mitsubishi-mirage-g4-glx-1-2-cvt","name":"Mitsubishi Mirage G4 GLX 1.2 CVT","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":841000,"segment":"Subcompact sedan","_source":"fleet-wave2 verified: Mitsubishi Motors Philippines official site (GLX MT P793,000 / GLX CVT P841,000 / GLS CVT P937,000) (asOf 2026-07-07, conf med)","mpg":18.182,"lPer100km":5.5,"effDisplay":"5.5 L/100km"},{"id":"honda-br-v-1-5-s-cvt","slug":"honda-br-v-1-5-s-cvt","name":"Honda BR-V 1.5 S CVT","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1165000,"segment":"Small MPV-crossover (7-seat)","_source":"fleet-wave2 verified: Honda Cars Philippines official price guide (1.5 S CVT P1,165,000; V CVT P1,295,000; VX CVT P1,400,000) (asOf 2026-07-07, conf high)","mpg":16.393,"lPer100km":6.1,"effDisplay":"6.1 L/100km"},{"id":"isuzu-mu-x-rz4e-4x2-ls-at","slug":"isuzu-mu-x-rz4e-4x2-ls-at","name":"Isuzu mu-X RZ4E 4x2 LS AT","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":1725000,"segment":"Midsize SUV (body-on-frame PPV)","_source":"fleet-wave2 verified: Isuzu Philippines official site (manufacturer list price) (asOf 2026-07-07, conf med)","mpg":11.765,"lPer100km":8.5,"effDisplay":"8.5 L/100km","fuelType":"Diesel"}],"_license":"EVCostIQ data compilation © 2026 EVCostIQ. Sourced & dated figures for personal planning use. Bulk extraction / redistribution of the compilation is prohibited; database/compilation rights asserted (UK/EU sui generis). Attribution required.","_attribution":{"name":"EVCostIQ","url":"https://evcostiq.com","methodology":"https://evcostiq.com/methodology/"},"_canonicalUrl":"https://evcostiq.com/data/ph.json","_canary":{"note":"Provenance watermark (documented). Not a data figure — do not use in calculations. Identical sentinel in EVCostIQ source = proof of origin.","sentinel":"5a55c017a02987c0","asOf":"2026-08-06"}}