{"_meta":{"country":"Poland","urlToken":"pl","currency":"PLN","distanceUnit":"km","annualKm":12500,"asOf":"2026-07-02","note":"Kernel-ready Poland data (metric: km-as-miles + mpg=100/(L/100km) -> local currency PLN). Electricity = honest home-charging blend 1.20 PLN/kWh (weighted estimate of G11 flat ~1.30 and G12 night ~0.85; labelled estimate, not a single sourced tariff). Fuel = Pb95 petrol 5.51 PLN/l (GlobalPetrolPrices PL 22-Jun-2026 / EC Oil Bulletin €1.381/L; single petrol fuel modelled; the fleet has no diesel rows). Residual-retention curves are regional estimates anchored to the pan-EU pattern and tuned for Poland's strong used-ICE/diesel demand and softer used-BEV liquidity (no sourced Polish residual study). annualKm 12500 = typical Polish private-car mileage estimate (unsourced, labelled). Poland has NO annual circulation/road tax on private passenger cars; one-off registration + akcyza apply equally to all powertrains so the comparison stays fair (baseRegFee 0, evRoadUseFee 0, regFeesAnnualBase 0). NaszEauto national EV grant EXHAUSTED 27 Jan 2026 / intake closed 30 Apr 2026 -> a new buyer gets 0 PLN; incentives documented for context only, never in totals. Powertrain split: 5 BEV / 5 HEV / 3 ICE-petrol / 1 PHEV = 14. PHEV (Kia Sportage PHEV) fed a blended 5.5 L/100km (NOT the unrealistic ~1.1 WLTP label), no kwh. Honest verdict: ICE/HEV tends to win 5-yr TCO for the typical private buyer. Research-gathered; every figure traces to tools/_newmarkets/pl.md sources.","fleetExpansion2026_07":"+12 models added 2026-07-02: per-country Opus research, independently re-verified (price + efficiency re-fetched from official sources) before inclusion; calcOnly entries are calculator-selectable without dedicated pages.","luxuryExpansion2026_07":"+13 luxury models 2026-07-02 (per-country Opus research, independently re-verified; exotics excluded by policy)."},"rate":{"name":"Poland","electricityRatePerKWh":1.2,"gasPricePerGallon":5.51,"fuelPerLitre":5.51,"baseRegFee":0,"evRoadUseFee":0},"assumptions":{"chargingLossPct":{"value":0.12},"residualRetention":{"BEV":[1,0.74,0.62,0.5,0.44,0.4,0.355,0.31,0.275,0.25,0.225],"ICE":[1,0.78,0.66,0.55,0.51,0.47,0.42,0.375,0.34,0.305,0.27],"HEV":[1,0.79,0.685,0.58,0.55,0.52,0.47,0.42,0.385,0.35,0.315],"PHEV":[1,0.73,0.61,0.5,0.46,0.42,0.37,0.32,0.285,0.25,0.215]},"maintenancePerMile":{"BEV":0.2816,"ICE":0.5632,"HEV":0.4827,"PHEV":0.5229},"insuranceAnnual":{"BEV":3200,"ICE":2400,"PHEV":2800,"HEV":2400},"regFeesAnnualBase":{"value":0},"publicVsHomeRateMultiple":{"value":2.5}},"incentives":[{"name":"NaszEauto (national EV purchase grant)","amountLocal":0,"status":"ended","note":"The last major national EV cash program (NFOSiGW / Ministry of Climate, KPO/RRF-funded, budget 1.6 bn PLN): base grant up to 30,000 PLN + 10,000 PLN scrappage premium = up to 40,000 PLN for individuals/sole-traders; only new M1 BEVs with net price <= 225,000 PLN; PHEVs excluded. Budget EXHAUSTED 27 Jan 2026; from then applications accepted only conditionally; intake CLOSED 30 Apr 2026. Treated as closed for new applicants; a new buyer in mid-2026 gets 0 PLN. Shown for context only; never in totals."},{"name":"Manufacturer EV rebates (dealer/maker promotions, not a government grant)","amountLocal":0,"status":"context","note":"After NaszEauto ended, brands replaced it with their own volatile rebates (Feb-Mar 2026 ranged ~20,000 to >170,000 PLN; e.g. Tesla Bonus 18,750 PLN, BMW iX1/iX2 ~12% off list + 20,000 PLN, Kia cut EV prices up to 58,000 PLN). These are private maker/dealer promotions, not a national consumer subsidy; catalogue list prices are used as MSRP and these rebates are shown SEPARATELY, never in TCO totals."}],"regionRows":[],"vehicles":[{"id":"toyota-corolla-1-8-hybrid","slug":"toyota-corolla-1-8-hybrid","name":"Toyota Corolla 1.8 Hybrid","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":119600,"segment":"Compact (C)","range":null,"mpg":22.222,"lPer100km":4.5,"effDisplay":"4,5 L/100km"},{"id":"skoda-octavia-1-5-tsi","slug":"skoda-octavia-1-5-tsi","name":"Skoda Octavia 1.5 TSI","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":110800,"segment":"Compact/Estate (C)","range":null,"mpg":17.241,"lPer100km":5.8,"effDisplay":"5,8 L/100km"},{"id":"toyota-c-hr-1-8-hybrid","slug":"toyota-c-hr-1-8-hybrid","name":"Toyota C-HR 1.8 Hybrid","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":119800,"segment":"Compact SUV (C)","range":null,"mpg":20,"lPer100km":5,"effDisplay":"5,0 L/100km"},{"id":"kia-sportage-1-6-t-gdi-petrol","slug":"kia-sportage-1-6-t-gdi-petrol","name":"Kia Sportage 1.6 T-GDI (benzyna)","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":135500,"segment":"Compact SUV (C)","range":null,"mpg":13.889,"lPer100km":7.2,"effDisplay":"7,2 L/100km"},{"id":"toyota-yaris-cross-1-5-hybrid","slug":"toyota-yaris-cross-1-5-hybrid","name":"Toyota Yaris Cross 1.5 Hybrid","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":110900,"segment":"Small SUV (B)","range":null,"mpg":20.833,"lPer100km":4.8,"effDisplay":"4,8 L/100km"},{"id":"hyundai-tucson-1-6-t-gdi","slug":"hyundai-tucson-1-6-t-gdi","name":"Hyundai Tucson 1.6 T-GDI","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":120900,"segment":"Compact SUV (C/D)","range":null,"mpg":14.706,"lPer100km":6.8,"effDisplay":"6,8 L/100km"},{"id":"volkswagen-t-roc-1-5-etsi","slug":"volkswagen-t-roc-1-5-etsi","name":"Volkswagen T-Roc 1.5 eTSI","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":130390,"segment":"Small SUV (B/C)","range":null,"mpg":16.667,"lPer100km":6,"effDisplay":"6,0 L/100km"},{"id":"toyota-rav4-2-5-hybrid","slug":"toyota-rav4-2-5-hybrid","name":"Toyota RAV4 2.5 Hybrid","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":197900,"segment":"Mid SUV (D)","range":null,"mpg":19.231,"lPer100km":5.2,"effDisplay":"5,2 L/100km"},{"id":"tesla-model-3-rwd","slug":"tesla-model-3-rwd","name":"Tesla Model 3 RWD","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":174990,"segment":"Mid sedan (D)","range":520,"kwhPer100mi":13.2,"kwhPer100km":13.2,"effDisplay":"13,2 kWh/100km"},{"id":"tesla-model-y-rwd","slug":"tesla-model-y-rwd","name":"Tesla Model Y RWD","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":184990,"segment":"Mid SUV (D)","range":500,"kwhPer100mi":15,"kwhPer100km":15,"effDisplay":"15,0 kWh/100km"},{"id":"skoda-enyaq-85","slug":"skoda-enyaq-85","name":"Skoda Enyaq 85","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":209900,"segment":"Mid SUV (D)","range":580,"kwhPer100mi":16,"kwhPer100km":16,"effDisplay":"16,0 kWh/100km"},{"id":"bmw-ix1-edrive20","slug":"bmw-ix1-edrive20","name":"BMW iX1 eDrive20","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":221500,"segment":"Premium compact SUV (C)","range":475,"kwhPer100mi":16.5,"kwhPer100km":16.5,"effDisplay":"16,5 kWh/100km"},{"id":"dacia-spring-electric-65","slug":"dacia-spring-electric-65","name":"Dacia Spring Electric 65","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":73500,"segment":"City car (A)","range":225,"kwhPer100mi":13,"kwhPer100km":13,"effDisplay":"13,0 kWh/100km"},{"id":"kia-sportage-1-6-t-gdi-phev","slug":"kia-sportage-1-6-t-gdi-phev","name":"Kia Sportage 1.6 T-GDI PHEV","year":2026,"powertrain":"PHEV","msrp":189900,"segment":"Compact SUV (C)","range":70,"mpg":18.182,"lPer100km":5.5,"effDisplay":"5,5 L/100km (mieszane)","electricRangeKm":70,"electricKwhPer100mi":18,"electricKwhPer100km":18},{"id":"toyota-yaris-1-5-hybrid","slug":"toyota-yaris-1-5-hybrid","name":"Toyota Yaris 1.5 Hybrid Active","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":101400,"segment":"Small hatch (B)","mpg":25.641,"lPer100km":3.9,"effDisplay":"3,9 L/100km"},{"id":"renault-clio-e-tech-160","slug":"renault-clio-e-tech-160","name":"Renault Clio E-Tech full hybrid 160 evolution","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":106900,"segment":"Small hatch (B)","mpg":25,"lPer100km":4,"effDisplay":"4,0 L/100km"},{"id":"mg-hs-hybrid-plus-1-5t","slug":"mg-hs-hybrid-plus-1-5t","name":"MG HS Hybrid+ 1.5T Excite","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":128900,"segment":"Compact SUV (C)","mpg":18.182,"lPer100km":5.5,"effDisplay":"5,5 L/100km"},{"id":"skoda-kodiaq-1-5-tsi-mhev","slug":"skoda-kodiaq-1-5-tsi-mhev","name":"Skoda Kodiaq 1.5 TSI mHEV Selection","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":178150,"segment":"Large SUV (D)","mpg":16.667,"lPer100km":6,"effDisplay":"6,0 L/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"dacia-duster-1-6-hybrid-140","slug":"dacia-duster-1-6-hybrid-140","name":"Dacia Duster 1.6 Hybrid 140 Expression","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":111400,"segment":"Compact SUV (C)","mpg":20.408,"lPer100km":4.9,"effDisplay":"4,9 L/100km"},{"id":"volkswagen-golf-1-5-etsi","slug":"volkswagen-golf-1-5-etsi","name":"Volkswagen Golf 1.5 eTSI Life (116 KM)","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":130990,"segment":"Compact (C)","mpg":18.868,"lPer100km":5.3,"effDisplay":"5,3 L/100km"},{"id":"volkswagen-tiguan-1-5-etsi","slug":"volkswagen-tiguan-1-5-etsi","name":"Volkswagen Tiguan 1.5 eTSI Life (130 KM)","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":153390,"segment":"Compact SUV (C/D)","mpg":16.393,"lPer100km":6.1,"effDisplay":"6,1 L/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"volvo-ex30-single-motor-er","slug":"volvo-ex30-single-motor-er","name":"Volvo EX30 Single Motor Extended Range Core","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":194900,"segment":"Small SUV (B)","range":476,"kwhPer100mi":16.7,"kwhPer100km":16.7,"effDisplay":"16,7 kWh/100km"},{"id":"skoda-elroq-50","slug":"skoda-elroq-50","name":"Skoda Elroq 50 Essence","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":149900,"segment":"Compact SUV (C)","range":375,"kwhPer100mi":16,"kwhPer100km":16,"effDisplay":"16,0 kWh/100km"},{"id":"byd-dolphin-surf-boost","slug":"byd-dolphin-surf-boost","name":"BYD Dolphin Surf Boost 43.2 kWh","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":97700,"segment":"City car (A/B)","range":322,"kwhPer100mi":15.6,"kwhPer100km":15.6,"effDisplay":"15,6 kWh/100km"},{"id":"audi-q4-45-e-tron","slug":"audi-q4-45-e-tron","name":"Audi Q4 45 e-tron","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":222000,"segment":"Premium compact SUV (C)","range":592,"kwhPer100mi":16.7,"kwhPer100km":16.7,"effDisplay":"16,7 kWh/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"kia-ceed-1-5-t-gdi","slug":"kia-ceed-1-5-t-gdi","name":"Kia Ceed 1.5 T-GDI (140 KM) S","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":102900,"segment":"Compact (C)","mpg":17.241,"lPer100km":5.8,"effDisplay":"5,8 L/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"audi-q5-40-tfsi-quattro","slug":"audi-q5-40-tfsi-quattro","name":"Audi Q5 40 TFSI quattro","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":248360,"segment":"Premium mid SUV (D)","mpg":12.658,"lPer100km":7.9,"effDisplay":"7,9 L/100km"},{"id":"bmw-x3-20-xdrive","slug":"bmw-x3-20-xdrive","name":"BMW X3 20 xDrive","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":263500,"segment":"Premium mid SUV (D)","mpg":13.889,"lPer100km":7.2,"effDisplay":"7,2 L/100km"},{"id":"mercedes-benz-glc-200-4matic","slug":"mercedes-benz-glc-200-4matic","name":"Mercedes-Benz GLC 200 4MATIC","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":354468,"segment":"Premium mid SUV (D)","mpg":12.821,"lPer100km":7.8,"effDisplay":"7,8 L/100km"},{"id":"volvo-xc60-b5-mild-hybrid-awd","slug":"volvo-xc60-b5-mild-hybrid-awd","name":"Volvo XC60 B5 Mild Hybrid AWD","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":221900,"segment":"Premium mid SUV (D)","mpg":13.333,"lPer100km":7.5,"effDisplay":"7,5 L/100km"},{"id":"lexus-nx-350h-elegance-fwd","slug":"lexus-nx-350h-elegance-fwd","name":"Lexus NX 350h Elegance FWD","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":232900,"segment":"Premium mid SUV (D)","mpg":17.544,"lPer100km":5.7,"effDisplay":"5,7 L/100km"},{"id":"bmw-i4-edrive35","slug":"bmw-i4-edrive35","name":"BMW i4 eDrive35","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":259000,"segment":"Premium sedan (D)","range":482,"kwhPer100mi":17.5,"kwhPer100km":17.5,"effDisplay":"17,5 kWh/100km"},{"id":"audi-q6-e-tron","slug":"audi-q6-e-tron","name":"Audi Q6 e-tron","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":306000,"segment":"Premium mid SUV (D)","range":533,"kwhPer100mi":16,"kwhPer100km":16,"effDisplay":"16,0 kWh/100km"},{"id":"bmw-x1-sdrive18i","slug":"bmw-x1-sdrive18i","name":"BMW X1 sDrive18i","year":2026,"powertrain":"ICE","msrp":181000,"segment":"Premium compact SUV (C)","mpg":14.925,"lPer100km":6.7,"effDisplay":"6,7 L/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"audi-q3-35-tfsi","slug":"audi-q3-35-tfsi","name":"Audi Q3 35 TFSI","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":158100,"segment":"Premium compact SUV (C)","mpg":14.706,"lPer100km":6.8,"effDisplay":"6,8 L/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"lexus-ux-300h-elegance-fwd","slug":"lexus-ux-300h-elegance-fwd","name":"Lexus UX 300h Elegance FWD","year":2026,"powertrain":"HEV","msrp":176900,"segment":"Premium compact SUV (C)","mpg":19.608,"lPer100km":5.1,"effDisplay":"5,1 L/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"bmw-ix3-40","slug":"bmw-ix3-40","name":"BMW iX3 40","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":275000,"segment":"Premium mid SUV (D)","range":600,"kwhPer100mi":15.5,"kwhPer100km":15.5,"effDisplay":"15,5 kWh/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"polestar-4-long-range-single-motor","slug":"polestar-4-long-range-single-motor","name":"Polestar 4 Long Range Single Motor","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":271900,"segment":"Premium mid SUV (D)","range":620,"kwhPer100mi":18.3,"kwhPer100km":18.3,"effDisplay":"18,3 kWh/100km","calcOnly":true},{"id":"volvo-ex40-single-motor-er","slug":"volvo-ex40-single-motor-er","name":"Volvo EX40 Single Motor Extended Range","year":2026,"powertrain":"BEV","msrp":260900,"segment":"Premium compact SUV (C)","range":575,"kwhPer100mi":16.6,"kwhPer100km":16.6,"effDisplay":"16,6 kWh/100km","calcOnly":true}],"_license":"EVCostIQ data compilation © 2026 EVCostIQ. Sourced & dated figures for personal planning use. Bulk extraction / redistribution of the compilation is prohibited; database/compilation rights asserted (UK/EU sui generis). Attribution required.","_attribution":{"name":"EVCostIQ","url":"https://evcostiq.com","methodology":"https://evcostiq.com/methodology/"},"_canonicalUrl":"https://evcostiq.com/data/pl.json","_canary":{"note":"Provenance watermark (documented). Not a data figure — do not use in calculations. Identical sentinel in EVCostIQ source = proof of origin.","sentinel":"359c8c1cee57e0db","asOf":"2026-08-06"}}